Final answer:
Directed (Planned) and Ad Hoc (Unplanned) are two primary types of planning. Directed planning is systematic like structured interviews, while Ad Hoc planning is free-flowing like mind searches and brainstorming. Both types serve different purposes depending on the context and goals.
Step-by-step explanation:
There are two primary types of planning: Directed (Planned) and Ad Hoc (Unplanned). Directed, or structured planning, involves a systematic, step-by-step approach where every stage of the process is thought out in advance, similar to the way engineers use a structured approach during design sessions. This approach is akin to what is known in interviews as a structured interview, where the same questions are posed to every candidate, ensuring consistency and comparability of responses.
In contrast, Ad Hoc, or unstructured planning, follows an unstructured approach, similar to mind searches and brainstorming sessions, where ideas may flow more freely and without a strict format. This is similar to an unstructured interview, where questions are tailored individually and responses are not scored with a standardized system.
Idea dumps and brainstorming are effective techniques for generating innovative solutions, while a step by step approach is beneficial for tackling complex problems systematically. To define the design problem, one might gather information from customers, find expert insights, and identify the real problem.