Final answer:
Cushing's syndrome is a rare condition characterized by an overproduction of cortisol due to factors such as a pituitary tumor. Symptoms include obesity, hypertension, and a moon face appearance, among others. Treatment may include surgery or medications.
Step-by-step explanation:
The rare condition indicated by an overproduction of cortisol by the cortex of the adrenal gland is known as Cushing's syndrome. This condition can result in a variety of symptoms, including obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure (hypertension), excessive body hair, osteoporosis, and depression. One of the hallmark physical signs is the development of a moon face, where facial fat deposits give the face a rounded appearance, and the presence of stretch marks on the skin.
Treatment of Cushing's syndrome may involve surgery to remove a pituitary tumor or medications to suppress adrenal gland activity. It is important to diagnose and treat this condition since it can cause significant health problems, including an increased risk of type 2 diabetes due to high blood glucose levels.