Final answer:
A living will or advance directive are written instructions supporting an incapacitated patient's right to self-determination, often including a DNR Order and a health care proxy designation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The written instructions dealing with the right of an incapacitated patient to self-determination are known as a living will or advance directive. This legal document specifies the medical treatments a person wishes to receive or refuse if they become unable to make decisions due to incapacitation. It often includes a DNR (Do Not Resuscitate) Order and may appoint a health care proxy to make decisions on the patient’s behalf. These instruments embody the principle of autonomy, respecting patient's self-determination regarding their own health care.
Voluntary passive euthanasia in the United States can take the form of an advance directive known as a DNR, where medical personnel are instructed not to perform resuscitation if the patient's heart stops. This is a proactive choice by individuals to have a say in their medical care and uphold their right to die with dignity, manifesting their cultural, religious, and ethical values.