Final answer:
The medication assists in managing RDS by dilating pulmonary vessels and improving oxygenation in conjunction with other treatments like mechanical ventilation and exogenous surfactant administration.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct option : 4
The most appropriate initial dose of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) for a neonate with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is 20 parts per million (ppm). It's critical to start at this dosage because it is shown to be both effective and safe for neonates with RDS. Treatment with iNO requires careful titration and monitoring of the patient's response. The goal is to achieve optimum oxygenation and to minimize the potential for side effects associated with iNO therapy, such as methemoglobinemia or nitrogen dioxide formation. Respiratory distress syndrome is a significant condition that affects preterm infants due to insufficient production of pulmonary surfactant. This deficiency leads to lung stiffness, decreased lung compliance, and impaired gas exchange.
Standard RDS management typically involves mechanical ventilation, nasal CPAP, and administration of exogenous surfactant. With advancements in medical technology and treatment approaches like the administration of iNO, the rates of mortality and morbidity associated with RDS have seen a reduction. Inhaled nitric oxide works by selectively dilating the pulmonary vessels in well-ventilated areas of the lung, improving oxygenation and reducing pulmonary artery pressures. Monitorization of oxygenation and pulmonary artery pressures is essential when administering nitric oxide to ensure effective and safe therapy. A team of specialists, including respiratory therapists, neonatologists, and nurses, will collaborate to manage the care of an infant receiving iNO therapy.