Final answer:
Physical restraints are appropriate during medical procedures, in emergency situations, and to control violent behavior, but not as a form of punishment. Punishment through physical restraints is often harmful and not aligned with modern criminal justice principles.
Step-by-step explanation:
The use of physical restraints is typically considered appropriate in certain specific and controlled situations, primarily for safety reasons. These include During medical procedures: when it's necessary to prevent patients from moving and potentially harming themselves or disrupting a medical intervention. In emergency situations: where an individual's behavior poses an immediate threat to their own safety or the safety of others. To control violent behavior: in circumstances where non-physical interventions have failed and a person is a danger to themselves or others.
Punishment through physical restraints is not deemed an appropriate use and can have significant psychological and physical repercussions. Indeed, exemplars of punishment, such as corporal punishment and torture, have historically led to fear, aggression, and even trauma. Modern criminal justice philosophy, including retribution, incapacitation, prevention, rehabilitation, and restoration, generally does not advocate for the use of physical restraints as a punitive measure.