Final answer:
The phrase related to 'Excessive bail' and 'nor cruel and unusual punishment' is found in the Eighth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution, which protects individuals from excessive punitive measures.
Step-by-step explanation:
The phrase "Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishment be inflicted" is found in the Eighth Amendment of the United States Constitution. This constitutional amendment is crucial in protecting individuals from punitive excesses by the state. The Eighth Amendment ensures that bail is set at a level that is not excessive and that fines and punishments are not cruel or unusual, reflecting an enlightened justice system that strives for the most sophisticated and humane methods to deal with the incarcerated.