Question

Treatment for paraphilias is usually happening under all but which of the following circumstances?

1) When the paraphilia causes distress or harm to the individual or others
2) When the paraphilia interferes with the individual's daily functioning
3) When the paraphilia is a result of a medical condition
4) When the paraphilia is a cultural norm

Answer 1

Treatment for paraphilias is sought when they cause distress/harm, interfere with daily functioning, or stem from a medical condition. It is not commonly treated when the behavior is considered a cultural norm.

Step-by-step explanation:

Treatment for paraphilias typically occurs under specific conditions, barring one in particular from this list. First, when the paraphilia causes distress or harm to the individual or others (1); second, when it interferes with the individual's daily functioning (2). It is also appropriate when the paraphilia is a consequence of a medical condition (3). However, treatment does not usually occur when the paraphilia is considered a cultural norm (4), as these behaviors may not be seen as abnormal or harmful within that cultural context.

Societal norms influence the perception of what is deemed a paraphilia, and therefore, when it warrants treatment. This understanding has evolved over time, with homosexuality being a prime example of a behavior once classified as a paraphilia but now recognized as a normal variation of human sexuality.