Final answer:
An ultrasonic cleaner uses cavitation to effectively clean items in a decontamination room by producing microscopic bubbles that help dislodge contaminants from intricate objects.
Step-by-step explanation:
The machine found in the decontamination room that uses cavitation is an ultrasonic cleaner. Ultrasonic cleaners operate at frequencies typically around 40 kHz and use the process of cavitation to clean items by creating microscopic bubbles in a fluid. These bubbles collapse with enough energy to dislodge contaminants from objects, reaching into small crevices that might otherwise be inaccessible. This process is particularly effective for cleaning intricate items such as jewelry, dental instruments, surgical instruments, and various industrial parts because the cavitation-produced shock pressures are robust and can penetrate low-surface-tension barriers.