Final answer:
Bacteria are the primary cause of urinary tract infections, with E. coli being the most common bacterium responsible. UTIs are often treatable with prescribed antibiotics.
Step-by-step explanation:
The microorganism capable of causing a urinary tract infection (UTI) is primarily bacteria. Although other microorganisms like viruses, fungi, and parasites can cause infections in various parts of the body, when it comes to UTIs, bacteria are the most prevalent culprits. Specifically, Escherichia coli (E. coli), which is part of the normal gut microbiota, is the leading cause of UTIs. It can cause an infection when it is inadvertently introduced to the urinary tract through mechanisms such as a catheterization or fecal contamination due to the proximity of the anus to the urethra, especially in women. Good hygiene practices can significantly reduce the risk of such bacterial UTIs.
When a UTI is suspected, physicians may conduct a urine culture to detect the presence of white blood cells, red blood cells, and bacteria, which aids in confirming the infection and identifying the responsible pathogen. UTIs are commonly treated with antibiotics, such as ciprofloxacin, which target the bacteria to clear the infection. It's important to complete the full course of antibiotics as prescribed to thoroughly eliminate the bacterial infection and prevent resistance.