Final answer:
Distortion is the cause of the technique error in the maxillary left molar periapical radiograph. This occurs when the x-ray beam is not perpendicular to the film, resulting in elongation or foreshortening of the image.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the given radiograph, the technique error exhibited in the maxillary left molar periapical radiograph can be attributed to distortion. Distortion occurs when the x-ray beam is not perpendicular to the film, resulting in elongation or foreshortening of the image. In this case, there may have been an angulation error during the radiographic exposure.
An example of elongation due to angulation error can be seen in the radiograph, where the roots of the maxillary left molars appear longer than they should be. To rectify this error, the x-ray beam should be directed perpendicularly to the film, ensuring accurate representation of anatomical structures.