Final answer:
Micronase (glyburide) often causes hypoglycemia as a side effect in treating type 2 diabetes by stimulating insulin secretion. Arya's adverse reaction to gliclazide, another sulfonylurea, illustrates individual differences in drug responses potentially explained by pharmacogenetics. Proper management of type 2 diabetes involves monitoring and adjusting medication to prevent both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia while considering other health factors.
Step-by-step explanation:
The drug Micronase (glyburide) is a sulfonylurea category medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. Contrary to the initial claim, glyburide typically causes hypoglycemia as a side effect, not hyperglycemia. This occurs because sulfonylureas like glyburide and gliclazide stimulate pancreatic beta cells to increase insulin secretion, potentially leading to blood glucose levels dropping too low. Arya experienced such an adverse reaction as hypoglycemia, evident through symptoms such as hunger, sweating, shakiness, and weakness. This hypoglycemic episode illustrates the varying responses individuals can have to medications due to genetic differences, a key concept in pharmacogenetics. Type 2 diabetes itself is characterized by the body's resistance to insulin effects or insufficient insulin production, leading to high blood glucose levels. Treatment can include lifestyle changes or medications that enhance pancreatic function or insulin sensitivity.
Insulin resistance is a major factor in type 2 diabetes and occurs when body cells become less responsive to insulin, preventing glucose from being absorbed efficiently from the blood. In some cases, this is exacerbated by reduced insulin secretion. It's crucial to manage medications carefully as both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia have serious implications for patient health. Moreover, other factors like renal function can also influence glucose levels and medication effects. Overall, individualized treatment plans are essential, and healthcare providers must adjust the medication based on the patient's response and other existing health conditions.