Final answer:
The term for permanent teeth that replace primary teeth is 'permanent teeth' or 'secondary teeth.' They emerge typically between ages six and twelve and include different types such as incisors and canines.
Step-by-step explanation:
The permanent teeth that replace primary teeth are called permanent teeth or secondary teeth. These teeth generally emerge between the ages of six and twelve, following the loss of the first set of teeth, known as deciduous teeth or baby teeth. The permanent teeth include a set of 32 teeth comprising 8 incisors, 4 canines, 8 premolars, and 12 molars. The term deciduous refers to the temporary nature of the baby teeth, analogous to trees that shed leaves; they fall out to give way to permanent ones.