Final answer:
The precaution used to guard against airborne diseases such as tuberculosis and chickenpox is called Airborne Precaution. It involves using special air filters, masks, and isolation rooms to prevent the spread of these diseases. Tuberculosis and chickenpox are highly contagious and spread through the air, necessitating measures to control infection transmission. Option 2) is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
The precautions used to guard against airborne diseases like tuberculosis (TB) and chickenpox are called Airborne Precautions. These diseases are spread through the air when infected individuals cough, sneeze, or spit, and inhale by nearby individuals. To prevent transmission, it is important to use protective measures such as special air filters, masks (such as N95 respirators), and isolation rooms with negative pressure to avoid the spread of these pathogens.
Tuberculosis is a contagious disease that spreads through the air, particularly when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Public health notices advise measures to prevent the spreading of TB. Chickenpox, on the other hand, is a highly contagious viral infection that spreads easily from person to person via airborne particles, saliva, or contact with lesions.
Vaccinations may also be used as a method of prevention, but the tuberculosis vaccine known as bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is not commonly used in the United States, though it is used in some other parts of the world. The BCG vaccine can cause a positive reaction in a tuberculin skin test, which is something to consider in countries where the vaccine is administered widely.