Final answer:
Excessive occlusal pressure on the periodontal ligament can lead to tissue changes that contribute to periodontal disease, ranging from inflammation to tooth loss.
Step-by-step explanation:
Slightly excessive occlusal pressure on the periodontal ligament can result in a number of changes to the tissues of the periodontium. The periodontal ligaments, which are primarily composed of collagen fibers, play a vital role in anchoring the roots of the teeth to the jaws. Excessive pressure can lead to inflammation and can initiate a cascade of events that might eventually contribute to periodontal disease. Scenarios such as scurvy, which inhibits collagen production, can significantly compromise the integrity of these ligaments, leading to issues such as tooth mobility or loss due to weakened support.
Periodontal disease can manifest as gingivitis, with symptoms including inflammation and erosion of gums, bleeding, and halitosis. If left untreated, it can progress to periodontitis, where gums recede and expose parts of the tooth, resulting in potential loss of teeth from erosion of supporting tissues like the cementum. Thorough oral hygiene alongside professional dental care can prevent and treat these periodontal conditions, with antibiotics being utilized in severe cases of infection.