Final answer:
Pitocin/oxytocin is given to stimulate uterine contractions to aid in labor, often when labor needs to be induced. It works through a positive feedback mechanism, enhancing smooth muscle contractions until delivery.
Step-by-step explanation:
Pitocin/oxytocin may be administered during labor to stimulate uterine contractions. Oxytocin is an endocrine hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that plays a crucial role during childbirth. As the baby reorients and the cervix stretches, oxytocin is released from the posterior pituitary gland, which causes the smooth muscles of the uterine wall to contract. This process is bolstered by prostaglandins released from the placenta, enhancing the contractions further. In instances where labor does not naturally progress and needs to be induced, pitocin—a synthetic form of oxytocin—is administered via intravenous drip to initiate and maintain labor. The positive feedback loop between the stretching cervix and oxytocin release continues to intensify contractions until the baby is born.