Final answer:
The immediate priority after a needle stick injury is to wash the affected area with soap and water, report the incident for evaluation, and monitor for signs of infection. Appropriate precautions and post-exposure treatment are essential in handling such injuries in healthcare settings.
Step-by-step explanation:
The first priority after a needle stick injury is to immediately wash the area with soap and water. Washing helps to minimize the risk of infection. After cleaning, it is essential to report the incident to the appropriate department within the healthcare facility so that further evaluation, such as risk assessment and possible post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), can be initiated. Monitoring for signs of infection, such as increased redness, swelling, and pain, is crucial after the initial wound care.
Health-care workers should always take appropriate precautions to prevent infection, including the use of gloves and face protection, as well as proper disposal of syringes and needles. Post-exposure treatment options, such as hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) and vaccination, may be recommended depending on the exposure risk. In the case of a confirmed exposure to a serious infection like HIV, treatment protocols must be followed. The importance of immediate action and thorough follow-up care cannot be overstated in preventing the transmission of infectious diseases.