Final answer:
The most appropriate action for newborns who are breathing but have a low SpO2 is to administer supplemental oxygen. Additionally, a low Apgar score can indicate a need for further interventions such as intubation, CPAP, or mechanical ventilation to stabilize the newborn.
Step-by-step explanation:
The most appropriate action for newborns who are breathing but have an SpO2 below the targeted range often involves administering supplemental oxygen. This action supports the infant's respiratory system as the newborn's lungs adapt to the outside environment after birth. If the Apgar score, which includes an assessment of respiration and heart rate, is below 7 after 5 minutes, it signals that medical assistance is necessary. Several treatments may be required, including resuscitation, intubation, Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP), or mechanical ventilation if they are not sufficient and the newborn's situation is critical.
In summary of homeostatic imbalances, the Apgar score allows healthcare providers to quickly assess the newborn’s overall wellbeing. In the presence of conditions such as Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS), treatments like administering pulmonary surfactant and other supportive therapies have significantly reduced mortality and improved outcomes.