Final answer:
Applied consent laws penalize drivers for refusing to take a breath or blood alcohol concentration test, which helps law enforcement determine if someone is driving under the influence of alcohol.
The correct option is 1.
Step-by-step explanation:
Applied consent laws are designed to penalize drivers for refusing to take a breath or blood alcohol concentration test. When a driver is suspected of driving under the influence (DUI) of alcohol, they may be asked to take a breathalyzer test.
This test is crucial for law enforcement to determine if the driver's blood alcohol level is over the legal limit, which in most U.S. states is 0.08%. Refusal to take this test can lead to legal penalties, as the driver is assumed to be avoiding the confirmation of intoxication, and consequently, they can be charged under applied consent laws.
The correct option is 1.