Final answer:
The fourth step in the initiation of hemodialysis treatment is the actual filtering phase where the patient's blood is cleansed of waste products and excess water through a hemodialysis machine, before being returned to the body. This process requires direct supervision of healthcare professionals and meticulous monitoring of the patient's vitals.
Step-by-step explanation:
The fourth step in the initiation of hemodialysis treatment involves the actual filtering process of the patient's blood. During this phase, a patient's blood is passed through a machine where it flows alongside or through a semipermeable membrane, typically made of cellophane, which acts as an artificial kidney. This membrane allows waste products such as urea, and excess water to pass from the blood into a dialysate solution. Larger molecules and blood cells remain within the bloodstream, due to their size. After the filtration process, the cleansed blood is returned to the patient's body.
It is essential for this procedure to be performed under the direct supervision of a registered nurse or other qualified healthcare professional, to ensure the process is sterile and that the patient’s vitals are continuously monitored for any adverse effects. Timely and careful attention to the patient's needs before, during, and after the procedure is critical for their wellbeing.
Hemodialysis is a life-saving procedure for those with kidney failure, and maintaining a rigorous schedule—typically three times a week—is crucial for removing toxins effectively from the bloodstream.