Final answer:
The correct term for breaking down 'vertebral' into its component parts is 'Segmentation'. The vertebral column consists of individual vertebrae that support and protect the body and spinal cord, and these vertebrae increase in size from the cervical to the lumbar region.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks for the term used to describe the process of breaking down the word 'vertebral' into its component parts. The correct answer is Segmentation, as it refers to dividing something into separate parts or segments. In this case, 'vertebral' can be broken down into 'vert' (meaning to turn) and 'ebral', which pertains to the spine or vertebrae.
The vertebral column is a central structure of the skeleton and is comprised of individual vertebrae with intervertebral discs that provide flexibility and protect the spinal cord. The regions of the vertebral column include the cervical, thoracic, lumbar vertebrae, as well as the sacrum and coccyx. Each vertebra has an anterior body to support body weight, and they increase in size down the column to carry increasing loads.