Final answer:
Both residential and commercial water piping systems can be tested with air to detect leaks. Air-filled tubes known as air chambers are installed to prevent water hammer by absorbing pressure surges. Proper and safe water use in homes is essential for health and sustainability.
Step-by-step explanation:
Air Testing Water Piping Systems
Regarding the question of which water piping systems shall be permitted to be tested with air, the answer is 3) Both residential and commercial water piping systems. It is a common practice in the plumbing industry to use air pressure tests to check both residential and commercial water piping systems for leaks. Air is pumped into the system until it reaches a pressure that is within the recommended range for the type of pipe being used. The system is then monitored to ensure the pressure does not drop, indicating a leak. However, it's important to follow specific safety protocols and local plumbing codes as air testing can be dangerous if not conducted properly due to the risk of the compressed air releasing suddenly if a failure occurs.
Air-filled tubes near water faucets, commonly known as air chambers or water hammer arrestors, are installed in plumbing systems to prevent water hammer. Water hammer is a loud banging noise that can occur when a faucet is quickly turned off, causing a surge of pressure in the pipes. The air within these chambers compresses to absorb the shock and minimize the noise and potential damage to the piping system.
Residential water use refers to water consumption for various purposes within homes, such as drinking, cooking, personal hygiene, and lawn maintenance. Efficiency in residential water use is vital for conservation and sustainable water management. It is also important for the water used in homes to be safe and free from contaminants, which is why testing of water piping systems is necessary.