Final answer:
A baby born after 42 weeks of gestation is considered to be Postmature, indicating that the baby has stayed in the uterus beyond the typical full-term gestation period, which carries certain health risks.
Step-by-step explanation:
The length of human gestation typically ranges from 36-40 weeks after fertilization. Most babies are born within this timeframe, also referred to as full-term. If a baby is born before 36 weeks, they are labeled as premature. This is because they were born before their bodies were ready, and they often need medical help to survive.
However, a baby born after 42 weeks is known as postmature. This indicates that the baby has stayed in the uterus beyond the typical gestation period. The postmature phase can pose several risks, as the baby could grow too large for vaginal birth, or the placenta may not function as well, which can lead to problems during labor and delivery. Additionally, postmature babies might have a dry, peeling skin, and overgrown nails, and are at a higher risk for certain birth complications.