Final answer:
COPD patients on maximal medical therapy may pursue pulmonary rehabilitation, oxygen therapy, and in severe cases, lung transplantation. Stopping smoking remains critical, and supportive measures like vaccinations and counseling are also important.
Step-by-step explanation:
After a COPD patient has received maximum medical treatment, their care focuses on managing symptoms and improving quality of life. While there is no cure for COPD, treatment can slow progression and alleviate symptoms. Interventions may include:
- Pulmonary rehabilitation: A program that includes exercise, education, and support to help people with COPD manage their condition.
- Oxygen therapy: Providing supplemental oxygen if blood oxygen levels are low to help with breathing and activity levels.
- Lung transplantation: In very severe cases where other treatments have failed, a lung transplant may be considered.
Furthermore, patients are strongly advised to cease smoking, as this can slow the worsening of COPD. Other supportive measures include vaccinations to prevent respiratory infections, nutritional support, and psychological counseling.