Final answer:
Prilosec and Prevacid are gastric acid pump inhibitors, also known as proton-pump inhibitors, that reduce stomach acid production by blocking the enzyme responsible for its secretion, thereby treating ulcer-related conditions and GERD.
Step-by-step explanation:
Prilosec and Prevacid are medications known as gastric acid pump inhibitors, specifically proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs). These drugs work by blocking the enzyme H+/K+ ATPase, which is the final step in the secretion of gastric acid in the parietal cells of the stomach. By inhibiting this pump, PPIs prevent the production of excessive stomach acid, which can lead to conditions such as ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.
Antacids differ from PPIs. While antacids neutralize existing stomach acid, providing symptomatic relief from disorders such as heartburn, PPIs target the source of acid production for a more long-term treatment. For instance, antacids like Tums utilize ingredients such as calcium carbonate to neutralize hydrochloric acid (HCl) through a proton transfer reaction. However, PPIs like Prilosec and Prevacid are more potent and are indicated for the management of more severe gastric acid-related conditions.