Final answer:
A medication given to produce a calming effect without causing sleep is known as a tranquilizer. These drugs, like diazepam, calm the brain and reduce anxiety without inducing sleep at therapeutic doses.
Step-by-step explanation:
Tranquilizers are a type of psychoactive drug that can reduce symptoms of anxiety and tension. Common examples include diazepam and other benzodiazepines, which have sedative properties that calm the brain but do not necessarily induce sleep. Unlike narcotic analgesics, tranquilizers do not typically produce drowsiness or loss of consciousness at therapeutic doses. However, in the pharmaceutical industry, there has been a noticeable increase in the medicalization of sleeplessness, leading to a rise in the use of both sedative-hypnotics to induce sleep and tranquilizers to alleviate anxiety without directly promoting sleep.