Final answer:
The correct answer to the question is the shoulder belt, which along with the car's headrests, prevents the head and chest from hitting the interior surfaces in a collision, thus protecting against injuries like whiplash.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is option a) shoulder belt. The shoulder belt is a crucial component of a vehicle’s restraint system designed to help protect the upper body in the event of a collision. It keeps your head and chest from striking the dashboard or windshield. The function of the anterior longitudinal ligament in the human body is to prevent excessive backward bending of the vertebral column. Protection against backward movement is especially important in the neck to prevent whiplash, which was a common injury before the introduction of mandatory headrests in cars. Headrests, along with shoulder belts, work to prevent serious injuries during collisions by providing support and reducing movement.
The head restraint, also known as a headrest, is designed to keep your head and chest from striking the dashboard or windshield in a collision. It is an important safety feature in vehicles that helps prevent whiplash injuries by providing support and limiting excessive backward movement of the head and neck. Seat headrests became mandatory in automobiles due to the high occurrence of whiplash injuries in passengers involved in rear-end collisions.