Final answer:
During an EGD with biopsy of the lower esophagus, squamous cells are normally expected to be found. These protect the esophagus against erosion. Columnar cells may appear due to pathological conditions like Barrett's Esophagus.
Step-by-step explanation:
When performing an EGD (esophagogastroduodenoscopy) with biopsy of the lower esophagus, the expected finding would normally be the presence of non-keratinized, stratified squamous epithelium. This type of epithelial cell lines the entire esophagus and protects against erosion from food particles. Unlike the small intestine which is lined by columnar epithelial cells interspersed with goblet cells, the epithelium in the esophagus does not normally contain these types of cells.
In certain pathological conditions like Barrett's Esophagus, which can occur as a result of consistent acid reflux (GERD), the normal squamous cells may be replaced by columnar cells, more specifically intestinal metaplasia, which then could be detected during an EGD with biopsy. This condition requires careful monitoring as it can increase the risk of esophageal cancer. However, under normal circumstances, option 2) Squamous cells, would be what is normally found in the lower esophagus.