Final answer:
The question refers to a condition in valvular heart disease known as valvular insufficiency, which arises when the heart's valves do not close properly, allowing blood to flow backward and causing regurgitation and a heart murmur. It can be caused by congenital defects, disease, trauma, and inflammation such as carditis due to rheumatic fever.
Step-by-step explanation:
When referring to a condition where the diameter of collectors is larger than normal, resulting in an insufficient valvular system, this typically relates to valvular heart disease. Valvular insufficiency occurs when the valves do not close properly, and blood flows backward, known as regurgitation. A heart murmur can be detected when blood flow is disrupted. Valvular disorders can occur due to congenital defects, disease processes, or trauma and range from benign to lethal. Treatment may involve medication, surgery, or simple monitoring. Specifically, when the mitral valve is affected, it is referred to as mitral insufficiency, which is a common issue within the population.
Valvular insufficiency can be further exacerbated by carditis, commonly triggered by conditions such as rheumatic fever. This inflammation often stems from an autoimmune response to the bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes. If left untreated, this can lead to complications such as edema or varicose veins due to the accumulation of blood and increased pressure in the veins.