Final answer:
Odysseus is a key character in Greek literature, featured in Homer's epics, especially 'The Odyssey,' where he demonstrates cleverness and moral excellence while facing numerous trials on his journey home after the Trojan War.
Step-by-step explanation:
Odysseus is a pivotal figure in ancient Greek literature, renowned for his cleverness and resourcefulness. He is the protagonist of Homer's epic, The Odyssey, which chronicles his challenging journey home after the Trojan War, marked by the displeasure of the god Poseidon. Odysseus is also known for his participation in the Trojan War, being one of the Greek heroes hidden inside the Trojan Horse, catalyzing the fall of Troy.
His story is interwoven with themes of arete, a virtue encompassing excellence and success both in moral and practical terms. Additionally, other renowned characters, such as the mighty Achilles, has a backstory connected to Odysseus' narrative; particularly, Odysseus was responsible for luring Achilles into the Trojan War and revealing his warrior nature despite his mother's efforts to hide him in a princess's court.The life of Odysseus provides insight into ancient Greek values, regarding heroism and the human condition's complexity, as individuals strive against each other, natural forces, and the capricious will of the gods.