Final answer:
The use of force by Security Officers and Special Police Officers is typically investigated by internal affairs divisions within police departments or by independent civilian oversight agencies.
Step-by-step explanation:
The use of force by Security Officers and Special Police Officers is typically investigated by internal affairs divisions within police departments or by independent civilian oversight agencies. These investigations aim to ensure that officers are following proper protocols and using force only when necessary and in accordance with the law.
For example, in the United States, the Department of Justice's Civil Rights Division may open investigations into patterns or practices of unconstitutional conduct by law enforcement agencies, including the use of excessive force. Additionally, some cities have established independent police review boards or civilian complaint review boards to oversee investigations into misconduct by police officers.
It's important to note that the specific process for investigating the use of force can vary depending on the jurisdiction and the laws and regulations in place there.