Final answer:
An expansion joint is used to prevent damage to PVC due to temperature changes, allowing for expansion and contraction without causing harm to the pipe.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of fitting used to prevent damage to PVC caused by temperature changes is a(n) expansion joint. These are crucial for accommodating the expansion and contraction that occurs when the material is exposed to different temperatures. Similar to how expansion joints are used in structures like the Auckland Harbour Bridge in New Zealand to allow for changes in length without buckling, expansion joints in piping systems provide the same kind of flexibility and protection.