Final answer:
In rewarming after DHCA, the arterial inflow temperature should not exceed the patient's body temperature by more than 10°C (50°F), and the rate of temperature increase should not exceed 0.5 to 1.0°C per hour to prevent complications.
Step-by-step explanation:
When rewarming after Deep Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest (DHCA), the arterial inflow temperature should not be more than 10°C (50°F) above the patient's current body temperature. The safe rate of rewarming is typically to not exceed 0.5 to 1.0°C (1.8 to 1.8°F) per hour. Rapid rewarming can lead to complications such as metabolic imbalances, cardiac instability, and neurological injury.
It is important to monitor the rewarming process closely to avoid overshooting the target temperature, considering the body's basal metabolic rate (BMR) also increases with an increase in body temperature. This rise in BMR can further complicate the rewarming phase by increasing oxygen demand and potentially leading to ischemia if the supply does not meet demand.