Final answer:
Physicians typically prescribe a lower dose of a short-acting barbiturate when selecting a hypnotic for insomnia treatment to minimize risks such as residual drowsiness and potential for addiction or overdose.
Step-by-step explanation:
When prescribing a sleeping pill (hypnotic), physicians would usually choose a lower dose of a short-acting drug. This approach is favored because short-acting barbiturates are less likely to result in residual drowsiness the following day, which is a crucial consideration for the safety and well-being of patients. Physicians aim to achieve the desired hypnotic effect without the risks associated with longer-acting barbiturates, such as prolonged sedation and potential accumulation in the body with repeated use.
Despite potential risks, barbiturates like phenobarbital and pentobarbital continue to be employed for specific medical applications, such as anesthesia and the treatment of certain types of headaches. Yet, their use for treating insomnia has decreased significantly due to concerns over addiction and overdose potential, paired with the emergence of alternatives like benzodiazepines and nonbenzodiazepines that have a better safety profile. Cognitive behavioral therapy has also been shown to be a more effective intervention for sleep disorders than medication.