Question

Kidney disease can cause hypertension by

A. activating the renin-angiotensin mechanism.
B. stimulating the secretion of aldosterone.
C. increasing retention of sodium and water.
D. all of the above.

Answer 1

Kidney disease can cause hypertension by triggering the renin-angiotensin system, promoting aldosterone secretion, and increasing sodium and water retention, all of which contribute to a rise in blood pressure.

Step-by-step explanation:

Kidney disease can cause hypertension by activating the renin-angiotensin mechanism, stimulating the secretion of aldosterone, and increasing the retention of sodium and water. When blood pressure is low, the kidneys release renin, which ultimately leads to the production of angiotensin II, a vasoconstrictor that increases blood pressure. Angiotensin II also stimulates the adrenal cortex to release aldosterone, resulting in the kidneys reabsorbing more sodium and water, thereby increasing blood volume and pressure.