Final answer:
Engineer's or surveyor's certification is needed in construction projects, land surveying, infrastructure development, and environmental impact assessments.
Step-by-step explanation:
Construction projects: When constructing buildings, bridges, or other structures, it is necessary to have certified engineers or surveyors signing off on the plans and specifications.
Land surveying: When surveying land boundaries, verifying property lines, or preparing land subdivision maps, a record of certification is needed to ensure accuracy and legal compliance.
Infrastructure development: When designing and constructing roads, highways, water supply systems, or sewage systems, certification from engineers and surveyors is necessary to ensure safety and compliance with regulations.
Environmental impact assessments: When assessing the environmental impacts of construction or development projects, certified engineers or surveyors may be needed to evaluate and provide documentation.
In these situations, the record of an engineer's or surveyor's certification serves as evidence of their competence and compliance with professional standards. It also provides assurance to clients, regulatory authorities, and the public.