Final answer:
Mitoxantrone is used to treat MS exacerbations by reducing neurological disability and relapse frequency. Nurses should monitor for side effects such as myelosuppression and cardiotoxicity, and ensure patients receive regular cardiac monitoring and blood count tests.
Step-by-step explanation:
Mitoxantrone is a medication used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) during an exacerbation, which is a period of worsening symptoms. In the context of MS, Mitroxantrone is administered to help reduce neurological disability and the frequency of clinical relapses.
It's also employed in treating various cancers, like melanoma, and viral infections such as Hepatitis B and C. When a patient is receiving Mitroxantrone, nurses should monitor for side effects, which may include myelosuppression (a decrease in bone marrow activity), cardiotoxicity (heart damage), and infection risks due to immunosuppression. As cardiotoxicity can be significant, regular cardiac monitoring is required before and during treatment with Mitroxantrone. Additionally, because of the potential for myelosuppression, it's necessary to monitor the patient's blood cell counts regularly.
It's also critical for nurses to educate patients about the importance of reporting any new symptoms, especially those related to potential heart damage or infection. They should also discuss the need for regular follow-up appointments and tests to monitor the patient's response to the drug and to watch for adverse effects. Good communication and education can help mitigate risks associated with Mitoxantrone therapy.