Final answer:
Smoke detectors and fire alarm control panels are designed to activate phase 1 elevator recall during a fire alarm. Smoke detectors use americium to detect smoke, and the fire alarm control panel manages elevator recall procedures.
Step-by-step explanation:
The devices designed to automatically activate phase 1 elevator recall during a fire alarm signal are smoke detectors and fire alarm control panels. Smoke detectors contain an electrical circuit with two metal plates and a small amount of the radioactive element americium.
The radioactivity from americium ionizes the air, allowing a current to flow, and when smoke disrupts this current, an alarm is activated signaling the presence of a fire. This detection then communicates with the fire alarm control panel, which initiates the phase 1 elevator recall to ensure that elevators are sent to a predetermined floor and are no longer used, preventing people from inadvertently travelling to a floor affected by fire.