Final answer:
The three major vessels to Doppler during a liver exam are the hepatic artery, the hepatic portal vein, and the hepatic vein. These vessels are crucial for the hepatic portal circulation and are significant in diagnosing liver-related conditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The three major vessels to Doppler during a liver exam are the hepatic artery, the hepatic portal vein, and the hepatic vein. During the exam, the Doppler ultrasound is used to assess the blood flow through these vessels. The hepatic artery is responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the liver. The hepatic portal vein carries blood rich in digested nutrients from the gastrointestinal tract, as well as wastes filtered from the blood by the spleen. Finally, the liver processes these substances and the blood exits the liver via the hepatic vein, which delivers the blood to the inferior vena cava, completing the hepatic portal circulation. This is significant for the diagnosis and management of various liver diseases, including cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and liver tumors.