Final answer:
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) and Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) are hydrocarbons used for fuel, which can be compactly stored and transported. The handling and storage of these substances require adherence to safety codes and standards due to their flammability and pressurization.
Step-by-step explanation:
Liquefied Petroleum Gas, commonly referred to as LPG, is a convenient and efficient fuel for heating, cooking, and automotive use. LPG is a mixture of propane and butane, which are hydrocarbons that can exist in both gas and liquid states under different temperature and pressure conditions. The processing and storage of LPG and LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) involve the liquefaction of gases, which is crucial in the storage and transportation of fossil fuels.
LPG and LNG are produced from natural gas or petroleum reserves. LNG, which consists mostly of methane, is prepared by cooling natural gas to below about -162°C, allowing it to be stored and transported more efficiently due to its reduced volume - about 1/600th of its original gaseous state. LPG can be stored in compressed form within double-walled, vacuum-insulated containers at or slightly above atmospheric pressure, resulting in a liquid that occupies significantly less space than its gaseous form. This is visually demonstrated in devices like disposable lighters, where butane is stored under pressure as a liquid. The code for storage and handling of LPG involves adhering to strict safety standards and regulatory requirements to prevent leaks, explosions, and environmental harm. Proper container design, facility setup, operational protocols, and emergency response measures are critical in managing the risks associated with these volatile substances.