Final answer:
The four Enlightenment philosophers are correctly matched with their descriptions: Diderot assembled knowledge into an encyclopedia, Locke believed in natural rights including life, liberty, and property, Montesquieu advocated for a tripartite government, and Voltaire stressed the use of reason in politics and religion.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Enlightenment philosophers played a pivotal role in shaping modern democratic principles. Here's the pairing of each philosopher with their corresponding description:a. Diderot - D. Tried to assemble all knowledge into the first encyclopedia so everyone had access to it. b. Locke - B. Believed everyone had natural rights: life, liberty, property,
c. Montesquieu - A. The government should have 3 branches to keep any one branch from having too much power. d. Voltaire - C. People should use their reason to make choices about politics and religion. Montesquieu recommended the separation of powers into branches of government for maintaining political liberty, which inspired the system adopted by American government.
John Locke emphasized that individuals had inalienable natural rights, and citizens should change their government if it fails to protect these rights. Diderot sought to democratize knowledge through the creation of an encyclopedia. Meanwhile, Voltaire championed the use of reason in political and religious decision-making.