Final answer:
A radiographer should use lead aprons and proper distance/time shielding to protect the patient from unnecessary radiation exposure, by following the principles of radiation protection like minimizing exposure time, using shielding materials, and maximizing distance from the source.
Step-by-step explanation:
A radiographer should always shield the patient with appropriate lead aprons and/or distance/time shielding. Shielding is an essential component in radiation protection, particularly during medical imaging procedures such as dental x-rays. Lead aprons provide direct protection by absorbing radiation and preventing it from reaching tissues not being imaged. The principles of radiation protection include minimizing exposure time, increasing distance from the radiation source, and using shielding materials. Fast films are also utilized, which require less exposure time, subsequently reducing the radiation dose to the patient and technician. Other general rules for radiation protection involve the use of heavy clothing, gloves, and lab coats for workers, and storing radioactive materials in shielded containers to minimize exposure risks.