Final answer:
Hazard warning signals, or 4-way flashers, should be used when driving a heavy truck or bus up a hill and when performing emergency vehicle maintenance on the road shoulder.
Step-by-step explanation:
Hazard warning signals, also known as 4-way flashers, are intended to warn other drivers that a vehicle is in a hazardous position on the roadway. These signals should be used when driving a heavy truck or bus up a hill and when performing emergency vehicle maintenance on the road shoulder. Therefore, the correct answer is option 4: Both 2 and 3.