Final answer:
In the human body, the arterial vasa corona below C6 is formed by the vertebral arteries, which arise from the subclavian artery, travel through the vertebral foramen, and contribute to the circle of Willis ensuring blood supply to the brain and spinal cord.
Step-by-step explanation:
The arterial vasa corona, which forms below the sixth cervical vertebra (C6), pertains to the vertebral arteries. These arteries arise from the subclavian artery and pass through the cervical vertebrae's transverse foramina, eventually entering the cranial cavity through the foramen magnum. In the cranial cavity, they join with the internal carotid arteries to form the circle of Willis, a crucial anastomosis that ensures blood supply to the brain and spinal cord is maintained. The vertebral arteries also contribute to the formation of the basilar artery at the base of the medulla oblongata, an anastomosis that provides blood to the cerebellum, brain stem, and posterior cerebral arteries.