Final answer:
The nurse would likely recommend an increase in calcium and phosphorus intake for a client with polycystic kidney disease, to address the disturbances in mineral metabolism associated with chronic kidney disease.
Step-by-step explanation:
A nurse instructing a client with polycystic kidney disease (PKD) on replacing elements lost in urine due to impaired kidney function would likely advise them to increase their intake of calcium and phosphorus. PKD often leads to chronic kidney disease (CKD), which can cause disturbances in mineral and bone metabolism. One such disturbance is decreased reabsorption of calcium, leading to a decrease in circulating calcium levels.
The parathyroid hormone (PTH) attempts to correct this by stimulating the reabsorption of calcium from the bones, which inadvertently inhibits the reabsorption of phosphate. With PKD and its impact on kidney function, there is often a need to manage electrolyte imbalances, focusing on calcium and phosphate rather than sodium and potassium, which are more affected by acute changes and treatments like diuretics.