Final answer:
The standard hand signals used for directing a taxiing aircraft are published by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) in their "Aeronautical Information Publication (AIP)". These signals facilitate clear communication between ground personnel and pilots.
Step-by-step explanation:
The standard hand signals used for directing a taxiing aircraft are published by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). These signals are meant to facilitate clear communication between ground personnel and pilots. The ICAO publication that lists these signals is called the "Aeronautical Information Publication (AIP)".
Hand signals are commonly used in situations where the use of radios or other forms of communication may not be possible or effective. They help direct pilots during taxiing, parking, and other ground maneuvering operations.
Some examples of hand signals include:
- Thumbs-Up: Indicates "Brakes Released"
- Arm Extended Laterally: Indicates "Ready for Taxi"
- Arm Raised Vertically: Indicates "Stop"