Final answer:
Diabetes mellitus is managed differently depending on whether it is type 1 or type 2. Type 1 requires insulin injections, while type 2 may be controlled with lifestyle changes and medications but also may require insulin. Frequent monitoring of blood sugar levels is crucial for proper management of diabetes, and a diabetic's fruity or alcoholic breath odor could indicate ketoacidosis.
Step-by-step explanation:
When coding for diabetes mellitus and the treatment involving insulin, oral hypoglycemics, and injectable non-insulin drugs, it is essential to understand the disease's nature and treatment options. Type 1 diabetes requires constant management with insulin injections because the body cannot produce insulin. The insulin regulates blood sugar levels, preventing hyperglycemia. People with type 2 diabetes may control their condition with a combination of lifestyle changes, such as a healthy diet, exercise, weight loss, and medications. In some cases, these patients may also need insulin injections if other methods fail to maintain normal blood glucose levels. Advanced treatment options also include drugs that enhance pancreatic function or improve insulin sensitivity. For diabetes where insulin injections do not reduce blood glucose levels effectively, the issue could be due to insulin resistance or immunological responses against insulin.
A diabetic's breath smelling like alcohol can be a sign of ketoacidosis, a serious condition that requires immediate medical attention. It is associated with very high blood sugar levels and the production of ketones, which can give a sweet or fruity odor to the breath.
Controlling diabetes is a complex process that involves frequent monitoring of blood sugar levels and may necessitate varying treatments over time, tailored to each individual's response to different therapies.