Final answer:
Enlargement of the prostate can increase the risk for urinary incontinence, urethral tumors, urinary bladder tumors, and stricture of the urethra. Treatments for BPH include medications for mild symptoms and surgery for severe cases, aiming to relieve pressure on the urethra.
Step-by-step explanation:
Prostate enlargement, or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), can lead to constriction of the urethra and is associated with a number of lower urinary tract symptoms. Complications from BPH can include an increased risk for urinary incontinence, urethral tumors, urinary bladder tumors, enlargement of the prostate gland itself, and stricture of the urethra. By affecting the outflow of urine, enlargement of the prostate can contribute to urinary retention, increasing the risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and other issues such as bladder stones or kidney damage due to the backup of urine. Treatments for BPH are aimed at alleviating these risks by relieving pressure on the urethra to allow more normal urine flow. Medications are typically used for mild to moderate symptoms, while surgery is reserved for more severe cases.