Final answer:
Breast engorgement and leakage after cessation of breastfeeding occur due to continued milk production following an established feedback loop. Managing engorgement includes a gradual reduction of milk supply, using cold compresses, and possibly anti-inflammatory medication. The engorgement will subside as milk production ceases and the milk is reabsorbed.
Step-by-step explanation:
A woman who suddenly stops breastfeeding may experience breast engorgement and leakage because her body continues to produce milk based on the previous demand from the infant. This happens due to a positive feedback loop where suckling triggers the release of prolactin and oxytocin, leading to milk production and ejection. However, without the regular stimulus of suckling, the body will gradually cease milk production and reabsorb any remaining milk. Engorgement can be uncomfortable, but managing breast engorgement effectively involves a gradual reduction of milk supply, cold compresses to reduce swelling, and anti-inflammatory medication if necessary.
When a baby suckles on the nipple, it sets off a chain reaction: suckling triggers nerve impulses to the mother's hypothalamus, which then signals the pituitary gland to release prolactin. Prolactin travels to the mammary glands and stimulates milk production, motivating the baby to continue suckling. This is essential for the infant's nutrition and the mother's uterine contraction and metabolic increase postpartum.