Final answer:
The recommended emergency care for burns involves covering the burn area with clean, cool, or tepid water and removing any non-sticking clothing. Severity of burns ranges from first-degree to fourth-degree, with immediate care focused on cooling the burn and preventing further injury. The 'rule of nines' is used to estimate the size of the burn on the body.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct option is D:
The correct statement for the recommended emergency care for burns is to cover the burn area with clean, cool, or tepid water and remove non-sticking clothing. This immediate action helps in reducing the temperature of the burn and minimizes further damage to the skin. Avoiding actions like covering the burn tightly or using lotions initially is crucial since these might trap heat and exacerbate the condition or lead to infection.
Burns can vary in severity from first-degree burns, which are superficial, to fourth-degree burns, which can affect muscle and bone. Treatment often begins with cooling the burn with water, as heat can continue to damage the skin even after the source of the burn is removed. It's also advised to call for medical help, especially if the burn is severe. Professional help is necessary for serious burns, indicated by significant blistering, pain, or discolored skin.
Immediate care for burns also involves assessing the risk of dehydration and shock, which can follow extensive burns. Therefore, keeping the victim warm and monitoring for signs of distress is vital while awaiting medical assistance. It's crucial to remove constricting items such as rings or tight clothing if done quickly and without causing further pain, as burns can cause swelling, making such items harmful if left on.
The rule of nines is a system used by medical professionals to assess the extent of burn coverage on the body, guiding treatment decisions. For example, different body parts are assigned percentages that count by nines to estimate the total body surface area affected by burns.