Final answer:
Osteotomy is the surgical cutting of a bone, often performed by orthopedists who specialize in bone and musculoskeletal disorders. Osteoblasts and osteoclasts are key in the natural bone repair process, building new bone structure and resorbing older tissue, respectively. The correct answer is option: OSTEO-OTOMY
Step-by-step explanation:
The surgical cutting of a bone is known as osteoectomy or osteotomy. This procedure is part of various treatments, such as realignment of bones that have healed poorly after a fracture or correction of bone deformities. In the process of bone repair, cells called osteoblasts are crucial as they form the new bone matrix to heal a fracture. The essential structural unit of compact bone is known as the osteon, or Haversian system, which is made up of concentric layers of calcified matrix.
An orthopedist is a doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating musculoskeletal disorders and injuries, which can include performing both closed reductions, a non-surgical procedure to set a fractured bone, and open reductions, which require surgical exposure of a bone. Bone itself is comprised of osseous tissue, a hard, dense connective tissue that forms the structural elements of the skeleton. The osseous tissue undergoes a cycle of turnover where old bone is resorbed by cells called osteoclasts, and new bone is formed by osteoblasts, a process which is crucial during growth and maintaining bone health.